What is the primary action of fluoride in preventing dental caries?

Fluoride plays a critical role in the prevention of dental caries largely through its ability to reinforce enamel and reduce demineralization. When fluoride is present in the oral environment, it is incorporated into the tooth structure, particularly during the development of teeth. This incorporation helps strengthen the enamel by making it more resistant to acid attacks that can lead to cavities.

Moreover, fluoride assists in the remineralization process, which is the natural repair of early carious lesions. It replaces lost minerals such as calcium and phosphate in the enamel, enhancing its strength and resilience. This dual action of promoting remineralization while simultaneously inhibiting the process of demineralization is fundamental in caries prevention.

While increasing saliva production and reducing oral bacteria are beneficial aspects of oral health, they do not specifically describe the primary mechanism by which fluoride exerts its protective effects against tooth decay. Therefore, the emphasis on enamel reinforcement and demineralization reduction accurately captures fluoride’s primary action in preventing dental caries.