What is the term for the surgical procedure to remove plaque and tartar from teeth?

The surgical procedure to remove plaque and tartar from teeth is known as scaling. This process is essential for maintaining oral health, as it helps prevent gum disease by removing harmful deposits that can lead to inflammation and infection of the gums. During scaling, a dental professional uses specialized tools to carefully clean the surfaces of the teeth, particularly below the gumline, where toothbrushes cannot reach effectively.

Scaling is a critical component of preventive dentistry because it not only removes visible calculus but also helps in reducing bacteria in the mouth, thereby promoting healthier gums and overall oral hygiene. Regular scaling can aid in preventing conditions like gingivitis and periodontitis, ultimately contributing to the longevity of natural teeth.

Other procedures listed do not involve the removal of plaque and tartar. Root canal treatment focuses on addressing infected or damaged pulp within a tooth. Fillings are used to restore teeth damaged by cavities, and extraction refers to the removal of teeth completely. Each of these serves a distinct purpose in dental care but does not pertain to the cleaning and prevention of plaque and tartar accumulation.